Generally, when you are trying to create a user or trying to change the password with special characters or numbers, you will get the below error.
SQL>alter user test identified by 3esafe;
alter user test identified by 3esafe *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option
SQL>create user test identified by am@zing;
create user test identified by am@zing *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option
To fix it you need to use double quotes for setting the passwords, as below.
SQL>create user test identified by "am@zing";
User created.
SQL>alter user test identified by "3esafe";
User created.